HOMEWAR STORIESGUESTBOOKMEMBERSHIP
MERCHANDISERESEARCHAIRCRAFTMUSEUM
J BULLETINGALLERYUNITLINKS

RESEARCH


The USAAF Over Hertfordshire

by
 Julian Evan-Hart

During World War Two Hertfordshire saw considerable aerial activity, however with the entrance of the United States into the war this was to increase to a never before seen level. New aircraft now made an appearance such as the P51 Mustang, P38 Lightning, P47 Thunderbolt, B24 Liberator and perhaps most famous of all the B17 Flying Fortress. 1944 was to be the peak year, with the build up of armed forces prior to the Allied invasion of Europe, daylight raids by the USAAF intensified. Raids deep into the heart of the Reich, Occupied Europe and later French coastal targets were all undertaken. Many raids involved “stacking up” over Hertfordshire as they began to formate and head off for their target. It was not uncommon at this stage of the war for some Observer Corps stations to plot over 500 aircraft in the sky at one time. For many people living in the area the noise of these huge quantities of aircraft would be unforgettable. Those residents living near to Nuthampstead or near the huge USAAF base Bassingbourn just over the Hertfordshire border in Cambridgeshire would be treated to a daily chorus of four engined heavies flying over. So often this was, everyone became quite used to it, but what they never got used to was looking skywards and seeing them return, with feathered props, engines on fire, sections shot away, crossing their fingers and hoping that the smoke streaming straggler at the back would land safely. Tragically this increase in activity would inevitably bring with it increases in incidents ranging from crash-landings to the more catastrophic and dramatic aerial collisions. On Saturday 12 August 1944 a B17 named “Tomahawk Warrior” from the 398th BG would collide with a B24H Liberator over Cheshunt, killing both crews. Just two weeks later another similar tragedy would occur involving the collision of two B17`s over the small village of Weston.
My first impressions and encounters with the site and history of the Weston collision
In the early 1970`s I first heard people in the village of Weston talking about the “Wood where the bombers came down” I was only about 10 years old when I first heard about this collision of two aeroplanes. I actually cycled over to Warrens Green aged 10 and parked my bike next to a hollow area used by local gardeners to dump old vegetable cuttings and large stones. By pure chance I was just looking around when I spotted a large bullet with a brown coloured patina, just lying on some recently deposited earth. Picking up this “treasured item” I examined it closely noting that it had probably detonated in the fire caused by the exploding bomber. (Little did I realise then that 35 years later I would be in the same area looking at the ground this time finding an exploded 0.50 callibre shell case, but this time would be extra special as I would be in the company of the relatives of one of the aircrew) The fact that my bullet had hit something at very high speed was clearly evident by its now flattened tip, which should have been pointed. I remember thinking that it looked like the snub wrinkled nose of a pig!!. I kept this first ever find from the bombers for many years, but sadly with the passing of time it has been lost. Asking people in the village about the incident presented some problems as numerous variations of the incident were presented to me: - Firstly it was two Douglas Dakotas, then two Lancasters, some even said it was two Super Fortresses. Someone even said that the collision was caused by a P51 Mustang Pilot who had been weaving in and out of a bomber formation, collided with one bomber which then hit another. In those days almost every “Weston Local” over 40 years old could recall the event. In 1977 I was a beater for a shooting party and part of the drive was through the very wood where one of the aeroplanes had crashed. I heard several of the older men mention the collision as we set course to enter the wood. In those days there was not much undergrowth and soon I came across a deep depression about 20 feet across and some 10 feet deep: “Bomb Hole Boy” one of the older men said as I stood and looked at it and the surrounding area. A curt reminder from Ron Hemmings the Head Game Keeper refocused my attentions back to the pheasants I was employed to flush up and out of this wood. I was now very curious and soon started asking more questions about the incident, calling on many villagers and taking notes of their recollections. However I would not return to this wood until the summer of 1979. By this time I had researched the incident in some depth now knowing that the two aircraft involved were indeed B17 Flying Fortresses, I even knew the exact date and names of each crew as by then I had written to an American military institution who had furnished me with some very good details. Mrs Cherry the present land-owner had even given me an example of a complete 0.50 callibre bullet. So it was now the summer of 1979 and having finished school I decided to spend some time investigating the actual site. Walking through Weston Park I came to the grass fields behind Warrens Green and looked at the wood with some thought. This was forbidden territory, the pheasants would be breeding now and if I got caught by Ron in these woods there would be hell to pay. However my curiosity (reinforced by permission granted from Mrs Cherry) was stronger than my fear of Ron and slowly I shimmied under a strand of rusted barbed wire…………I was in the wood!!! I passed through some small thin patches of bramble and noted the rusted oil drums, orange nylon twine and several dead squirrels. These were sure signs that Ron was doing his job, I just hoped today he would not be so usually efficient on this day. However despite these concerns as earlier mentioned I actually did have permission from Mrs Cherry to go and look, which I hoped would serve me well to deflect any verbal attack from Ron if I was caught here. I proceeded up the straw strewn ride and came upon an area where the tree growth was thinner. Looking about I spotted the Bomb Hole again, its dark waters then home to a pair of nesting and rather noisy Moorhens. Rather ironic really I thought, as each hatching egg involved a new birth on a site associated with so much death and destruction. Around the bomb hole were broken trunks of Pine trees and when you peeled the bark away revealed upon the surface of the inner wood were numerous nicks, scores and scratches and in some cases bomb casing shrapnel splinters and internal components were stuck firmly in, surrounded by twisted and compacted wood fibres.
Further examination showed that many of the surrounding Oak and Ash trees bore gashes, smashed boughs and were distorted. “So this must be where it happened” I said quietly to myself. It was summertime now just as it had been when the tragedy occurred in 1944. In the surrounding areas rays of sunshine streamed through the green spangled patchwork of the woodland canopy above. Looking at the floor I noticed small contorted pieces of metal, some partially covered in moss, others just blue crumbling powdery lumps, whilst other fragments were in such good condition it looked as if they had just fallen there, bits of rubber and wires, in some of the deeper bramble thickets considerably larger pieces of yellowish painted metal could be seen having a bubbled appearance due to the large rivets on their surface. A huge 9 feet section of burned blistered rubber lay on the woodland floor, which I later discovered was part of the lining from a self-sealing fuel tank. Over the next few years my good friend Tim Fisher and I used simple metal detectors here and made some really interesting finds. On one day we discovered at a depth of some 6 inches a layer of compressed and burned parachute fabric, in amongst this were some harness clips and a complete “D Ring” still attached to a six inch length of thin wire. We found cockpit instrument faces, electrical bits, airframe, a pair of headphone receivers, jack plugs, wiring, switches. Slowly we could begin to see the shape of the B17, and finds indicated clearly that we had definitely located where the cockpit had impacted. The wood was still quite dark in summertime when we did most of our exploratory digs, but the emotional thrill of cutting through the moss covered clay and unearthing artefacts that were once part of a B17 is something that will never be forgotten and is still very much experienced by me today. Tim and I often accompanied by other interested parties returned to this wood on almost every given opportunity as we had begun to build up a respectable representative collection of artefacts. 1987 was a good year for searching the site as many medium sized trees were uprooted by the notorious Hurricane force winds of that year. Checking the exposed up-ended root pans we increased our collection of dial faces and other cockpit instruments. Some 10 years later the local farmer cut down some smaller growth trees and lit several large fires in the wood. This cleared all growth to ground level and left a perfect area for searching, one such search revealed a section of control column, two throttle quadrant sections and a copper alloy instrument facing with green and white plastic domed lights on it. Behind these domed lights the glass bulbs remained all intact, even their delicate elements remained unbroken. Another poignant find from this area were several pre-decimal pennies all of which were burned and slightly bent, illustrating the fact that these had almost certainly been in the pockets of one or several members of the B17`s crew.
The following is an account of what took place over Weston Park on Saturday the 26th August 1944

Two B17`s collide over the village of Weston.

(This article is dedicated to the memory of Frank Hawkes who witnessed the actual event and later was to be a very good friend)

Aircraft involved:

B17G Flying Fortress (un-named)
Serial Number 42-102936
390th Bombardment Group (Heavy)
Based at: - Parham / Framlingham in Suffolk
Location: wreckage spread over 1.5km in Weston Park
Time: 09.05 Hours
Crew:
Pilot. 2nd Lt Paul H Bellamy…Killed
Co-Pilot. 2nd Lt James J.Graba…Killed
Navigator. 2nd Lt Raymond A Klausing…Survived
Bombardier. 1st Lt Joseph Y Lee…Killed
Radio Operator. Sgt Irwin W Casey…Killed
Eng/ Top Turret Gunner. S/Sgt Frederick O Walsh…Survived
Waist Gunner. Sgt Lotus R Conser… Survived
Ball Turret Gunner. Sgt Robert Hunter…Killed
Tail Gunner. Sgt Richard A McAteer…Survived.

Second Aircraft involved:

B17G Flying Fortress named “Ding Dong Daddy”
Serial Number 42-97182
390th Bombardment Group (Heavy)
Based at :- Parham / Framlingham in Suffolk
Location: In Warrens Spring Wood at Weston
Time: 09.05 Hours
Crew:
Pilot. 1st Lt George E Smith …Killed
Co-Pilot. 2nd Lt Carleton Sacco…Killed
Navigator. 2nd Lt Robert G Taylor…Killed
Bombardier. 2nd Lt Herman R Collins…Killed
Radio Operator. T/Sgt Victor G Graff…Killed
Eng / Top Turret Gunner. T/Sgt Allen J McCasland Jr…Killed
Waist Gunner. S/Sgt Martin I Kilbride…Killed
Ball Turret Gunner. S/Sgt Michael K Kasarda…Killed
Tail Gunner. Corporal Gus G Brubaker…Killed.

The following account has been made possible from a wide variety of sources, and is the author’s account of what happened over the village of Weston on that fateful Saturday some 63 years ago

At approximately 09.00hrs on Saturday 26th August 1944 the villagers of Weston heard the now familiar droning hum of bombers massing for a raid. So familiar had this sound become rarely did they cast an eye upwards these days, however today would be different and for miles around everyone would stare up at the sky in horror. Thousands of feet above them a dull boom was heard, and a high pitched screaming whine as the pitch of engines dramatically changed. A few minutes before a young lad Frank Hawkes had stood watching a Tiger Moth perform some aerobatics over the village. Now the noise from its tiny engine was drowned out by the approaching bombers. Frank was used to this noise like everyone else but a change in the noise made him look up. “Summits up with the Yanks” Alf said to him as they both shielded their eyes from the glare of the early morning sun. Looking up they could see two of the tiny appearing silver bombers were locked together. Suddenly they heard the booming sound and the aircraft appeared to break up. “Bloody Hell” said Alf said and ran off to get help. An oily black smudge appeared in the sky, surrounded by hundreds of flashing and sparkling pieces. Just below the smudge another B17 could be seen spiralling around minus one of its wings. By now the collision had been seen by people as far away as Letchworth and Stevenage. Some people even began to cheer strangely believing the aircraft were German. Just after the sound of the explosion a small three year old boy looked up and ran indoors. Grabbing at his mothers apron strings in child-like innocence he said “Mummy mummy there’s something wrong in the sky”
The weather so far indicated that this would be a glorious summer’s day. The runways of Parham airfield already shimmered in the early morning heat, and as the crews gathered a lone skylark trilled high above them. Each aeroplane was standing on the surrounding dispersal points, fully fuelled and bombed up: primed for readiness. Some were still having last minute Ground Crew checks, emphasized by the occasional clang of dropped spanners onto the concrete. The concrete surfaces of the runways and dispersal points had that hot stone smell about them, and as each crew member clambered aboard their bomber they were met with the heady odour of hot leather, oil and paint. The mission for today was considered to be a bit of “Milk Run”. Instead of a deep penetration raid it was just to be to the Brest Peninsular. The targets were some German heavy artillery guns that had been shelling the Brest region, therefore holding up the Allied capture of the port.
The first Wright-Cyclone engines spluttered to life and the base came to life with a growing vibrating roar that carried for miles around the surrounding countryside. By 7.33am the 390th`s aeroplanes were all airborne, engines straining with the weight of fuel and bomb loads. Now began the long task of waiting for all the other participating groups, in order to stack up over East Anglia. The cloud was quite thin on this day and from high above the crews could see the patchwork quilt appearing English countryside. Looking around they began to see other formations, indeed the sky looked full. Some crews were watching the lead ship in the formation B17 42-102936. Suddenly this aircraft appeared to fly too close under the Lead Squadron. This action forced No4 position B17 right into the prop wash of the lead element of three B17`s.
B17 42-97182 was violently swung about by the prop wash and forced downwards towards B17 42-102936. Crews watched but the event was nothing unusual in such congested skies. Many crews from other B17`s were later to state they were uncertain as to whether 182 had come down on 936 or 936 had risen up too steeply below 182. However the two aircraft began to get perilously close, “936 will you please let down a little” crackled over the intercoms. A split second after this the two massive B17`s locked together. 182`s propeller blades slashing into the vertical stabiliser of 936, throwing small shreds of metal everywhere. Larger fragments of 936`s stabiliser and fuselage began to be torn away. Frederick Walsh the Top Turret Gunner on board 936 remembered looking up and seeing the propeller blade tips from 182 cutting off the barrels of his 0.50 calibre machine guns. 936`s wing surfaces began to disintegrate and fall away, both aircraft tumbled over to the right hand side and went down in a sheet of white flame. A short while afterwards bombs began to explode in the air and then the remains of 936 simply exploded in a brilliant white flash. The Navigator Raymond Klausing was immediately blown clean through the Plexiglas nose cone. Miraculously he came to his senses pulled his ripcord and lived to tell his story.
All that was left of 936 was a huge dark oily pall of smoke and loads of downwards spiralling debris. Fourteen thousand feet below Alf had just said “Bloody Hell” as he ran to get some assistance.
Up in the sky many of 936`s crew had been blown from their aircraft, and like Raymond Klausing had managed to deploy their chutes. The bomb bay section of 936 had been ripped apart and released all of its 100lb GP bombs to rain down over Weston Park. The spread of her bombs on the ground would be over three quarters of a mile. Of these bombs some as we know exploded in the air, some fell and detonated on the ground whilst others fortunately failed to explode and just lay scattered over the fields. However exploding bombs created shock waves that sucked some of the descending parachuting aircrew back upwards towards and into the fireball above them. Others parachute canopies caught alight and adjacent B17 crews watched in horror as the bodies of some of their colleagues and friends fell to earth. Of the nine men in this crew only four would survive. Having exploded with such violence 936 now consisted of several large sections tumbling to earth. These included the cockpit/ forward fuselage section and one wing, the other wing with engines still screaming was spiralling down leaving a long trail of flame and smoke.
Authors note Mrs Wainwright confirmed that one of the wings came down and virtually blocked the high banked road near Halls Green, people could clamber underneath it. Local men managed to move the wing to the side of an adjacent field. It is impossible to determine now which aircraft this originated from)
The tail section floated down accompanying what was left of the rear fuselage. Within the forward fuselage and cockpit section which was full of flames Frederick Walsh dazed and semi-conscious was stumbling around trapped by the huge forces. He managed to grab a parachute pack that was stuck on a piece of jagged metal. Finally clipping it on he was able to jump clear, but was quite badly burned. The Pilot and Co-Pilot of 936 either trapped or overcome with flames remained in this section of the aircraft as it fell. It floated down and impacted just behind Friends Green cottages where it then erupted into a huge fireball, shortly followed by the sound of exploding ammunition. One eyewitness Eric Buckle recalled seeing the burned and crumpled cockpit containing two charred bodies. Trapped in 936`s rear fuselage section as it tumbled through the sky were Lotus Conser, Robert Hunter and Richard McAteer. Baling out McAteer briefly glimpsed Hunter and Conser up front, both also about to get out. However Hunter could not locate his parachute and desperately grabbed Conser so that they could bail out together. When Conser pulled his rip cord the canopy opened fast due to their combined weight. The jolt loosened the slightly dazed Hunter’s grip. Despite frantic efforts Robert Hunter continued to slide down Consers body. He began to lose his grip until he was hanging onto both of Consers flying boots, then only one, then he was gone. Lotus Conser looked away as the young man started a fall of over 10,000 feet that would terminate in a small meadow by Warrens Green. His body left an imprint in the field which was still visible in the early 1950`s. Of the survivors Raymond Klausing landed in the vicinity of Fairclough Hall, Richard McAteer came down close to Lotus Conser in the grounds of Weston Lodge. The rear fuselage section they had managed to escape from slammed to earth in a field some quarter of a mile away. Frederick Walsh had landed nearly a mile away from these three in a field near the Anchor Pub. Meanwhile the other B17 182 had begun its slow descent to earth some minutes before. One of its wings broke away and the ball turret literally popped out of the fuselage section as it buckled and began to tear apart. Now totally un-aerodynamic and spiralling round other bomber crews could see the sunlight reflecting from 182`s Plexiglas fittings and falling debris….as could people on the ground far below. As 182 tumbled through sky many of her bombs were wrenched from their bomb bay housings and crashed their way through the thin alloy bomb bay doors to fall over the surrounding countryside. A wing fluttered earthwards with engines under full power, after several minutes this wing impacted the ground in a sheet of flame beside a small wood near Halls Green. Here it was to stay for many years. Sunlight and the elements slowly fading its bright blue star and bar insignia. Until one day it was moved and hung up in a barn to shield farm implements from bird droppings, It survived here until the 1970`s, then like so many artefacts of this nature it was sold to a passing scrap dealer. A rather ignominious ending for a relic of such a tragic historical incident. Having plummeted thousands of feet, no one had yet managed to bale out from 182. The centrifugal forces probably made escape impossible. One can but imagine the terror and fear of those young men trapped inside their burning and disintegrating bomber for what must have seemed an eternity. Finally, levelling out into a flat spin the bomber was now upside down when the tail unit broke away moments before the remains of the B17 impacted into the end of a small wood at Warrens Green and ended the suffering. A huge fireball rose up and shortly afterwards ammunition began to explode. The crumpled and flattened cockpit area had burst open upon impact just some forty feet from the western edge of Warrens Spring wood. After about five minutes a single bomb that had remained lodged in the bomb bay detonated, scattering twigs, branches and lumps of clay over a wide area. Creating a crater approximately 20 feet across and 8-10 feet deep. The force of this blast also scattered pieces of 182 and her crew further around the vicinity of the impact point
(Note :- Metal detecting and eyes only recovery of artefacts has indicated that the majority of cockpit instruments etc and items associated directly with the crew such as buckles, cap badge fragments were spread 20-25 feet westwards from the bombs point of detonation. Interestingly on some occasions when an artefact is in process of recovery it is possible to find the original scorched and carbonised woodland surface from 1944, showing charcoal and on some occasions even burned leaves.)
The blast from this single bomb also damaged the roof of a nearby cottage and Farmhouse as well as the surrounding trees which had many large branches torn away. Much of this small wood was now seriously ablaze largely due to aviation fuel as were several cornfields in the vicinity. At this time wreckage from 936 was still coming to earth also over a wide area. Larger parts of 936`s structure had impacted the ground around the same time as the one-winged 182 had impacted into the wood. One large part fell at Halls Green and set fire to a hayrick. Several of 936`s engines broke away in the air and smashed to ground nearby, one actually hitting Warrens Green farmhouse and causing extensive damage. Inside where John Buckle, his Wife and young son, all luckily unharmed upon walking around their house to look at the damage, an awful sight greeted them: there on the lawn was a severed hand.
Authors Note :- Mrs Wainwright telephoned me on 29th August 2007 to say that Eric Buckle had told her in the early 1960`s that there was a huge chunky ring on one of the fingers of this hand, this was almost certainly a Graduation Ring. Given its location this hand would seem most likely to have originated from one of the four Lieutenants on board B17 Ding Dong Daddy whose cockpit impacted only a 100 yards from this farm house the hand possibly having been hurled from the impact point by the blast from the bomb that exploded minutes afterwards.
Also from this vicinity the smashed remains of a pearl handled Smith & Wesson revolver were found. Numerous bombs now began to explode as they hit the ground. Tragically one bomb that did not explode would cause the greatest civilian tragedy here. It punched straight through the roof of a small bungalow, splintering a huge beam. Inside the bungalow a wartime evacuee Mrs Webb had been bathing a small child David Clements, both were killed.
Authors note:- Despite knowing Bob Clements and his wife Anne (the parents of baby David) quite well I never asked them about the incident which took the life of their baby son. However a close relative of theirs did interview them and recorded the event on a tape-recorder and sent the tape to me. This is one of my most treasured items relating to the incident, and is now itself almost 20 years old, both Bob and his wife have now sadly passed away.
As more bombs began exploding across the fields from the Anchor Pub a young boy John Clements (brother of David) was seriously injured in the thigh by a large lump of clay. Next door to the Clements family lived Charles Grass, who also had witnessed the collision high above him. He ran for cover with his wife towards a nearby ditch as bombs began bursting all around them. Mrs Grass was thrown to the ground by an explosion just 30 yards away. As they sheltered they noticed an American airman drifting down towards them. This was Frederick Walsh, as he landed he appeared to be shouting at them to take cover. Charles Grass did not heed any such warnings and bravely ran over to assist the airman. Mr and Mrs Pearce from the Anchor Pub also ran out to help. As Charles Grass got to the young airmen he heard the words “I’m burning up, please take this gum outta my mouth” Getting Frederick Walsh out of his harness was no easy task, but the rescuers managed to release him and get him to the ditch. Frederick Walsh would later join the Irving founded Caterpillar Club and Charles Grass went on to receive a Civil Award for his bravery that day.
Another crewman from 936 who had managed to bale out, proceeded to gather up his parachute. As he did so a jagged piece of airframe fell from the sky, piercing his chest and killing him. So far the identity of this crew member has not been ascertained but surely he must rank as one of the unluckiest individuals from any air crash in this period. Within a short time a USAAF fire tender arrived along with several local appliances. Another eye-witness was Robert Rand who despite only being ten years old had been brought to the scene in a jeep from nearby Nuthampstead. He remembers arriving at the scene and several people turning over a large section of fuselage only to find a body stuck underneath. A doctor from Baldock by the name of Renton-Riddle was called to the scene, to administer medication to survivors. Some hours later his job done he stopped outside the Anchor Pub. There on the grass verge lay an unexploded bomb and bloodstained kit bags full of human remains gathered so far. At this time the B17`s had undertaken their raid, and were now landing back at Parham. The German guns had been destroyed totally, the only defence being some very light flak. On Sunday the 27th August the local Home Guard began the job of scouring Weston Park: looking for unexploded ordnance and body parts. However it was summertime and dense undergrowth prevented them from finding everything. Frank Hawkes and some friends were out looking for “souvenirs” when one of them spotted a parachute canopy billowing out from the top of a tall conifer. One of them then climbed up to get this precious item, but perhaps it wasn’t the best idea, as wrapped up inside it and pinned to the tree was a dead airman. The lads pelted off to find the local policeman; on their way to the village they were to find a flying boot still with the foot inside. The remains of 182`s crew were still being gathered from Warrens Spring wood for weeks afterwards, many locals stating the woodland smelt of burnt wood, oil, rubber and decaying flesh for ages. One local ex-poacher told me it was pointless taking ferrets into the wood to look for rabbits, as they were distracted by the shreds of decaying flesh everywhere. Another local man Tom Clements thought he had made a really interesting keepsake. He spotted an American service issue cap lying in a bed of nettles, thinking it was a shame the brass badge was missing he turned it over and dropped it quickly…a large section of hair and skull was stuck inside it. When the Ball Turret had broken away from 182`s fuselage high above Weston Park that day Michael Kasarda the gunner was trapped inside it. Eventually both the spherical turret and his body rammed some six feet deep into the chalky clay of a field near Weston Lodge. The turret and its contents were discovered only when someone went to investigate the hole to see if it contained an unexploded bomb, and noticed two 0.50 gun barrels poking upwards from the bottom. Frank Hawkes and his friends later that day when they had recovered decided to go and see some large sections of 936 that had come to ground near Dane End. Inside the fuselage they noticed it was awash with blue dinghy dye and many sealed drinking water tins lay about. Some of the Plexiglas from both aircraft was later fashioned into jewellery and at least one parachute went on to become lingerie for local ladies. One local man went to the site some days later and found a petrol cigarette lighter; amazingly he still has it today……and its still works!!!
Souveniring was not always for personal gain, more often to obtain and acquire a memento from a traumatic incident. Some locals however were looking for personal gain from the tragedy, like those who drained fuel from a ruptured fuel tank to power private vehicles. The fuel was found to be far too rich, but not before several cars engine cylinders had been burned out. Also within this mass of wreckage one lad found a dinghy, which he later hid. He was caught by a local policeman using this whilst right in the middle of a lake; he was given a severe ticking off. One young man living in Graveley was on leave from the Army when the collision occurred he recalled “Walking across the fields to Weston. I came to the crash site. Looking around I spotted a 0.50 Browning machine gun with some linked bullets. Stupidly I bent down and pressed the trigger sending a stream of bullets very close to some local boys who were playing around the area. As a tank gunner I was only too aware of how stupid my actions were” Of the four aircrew from 936 who survived the collision Raymond Klausing, Frederick Walsh and Richard McAteer sadly all passed away in 1998, leaving just one Lotus Conser. Who perhaps when modern day interests and distractions pause, his thoughts on these occasions must go back to that day when he jumped from a stricken B17 bomber along with Robert Hunter all those years ago.

Additional details relating to members from both crews, kindly supplied on 26th August 2007 by Stephen Presswood the Webmaster for the 390th BG Website

The crew of AC#297182, Ding Dong Daddy basically all flew their missions together, give or take a mission or two, with the exception of Gus C. Brubaker. He only flew with this crew on this one mission. And he had flown only one other mission before this one with a different crew.
The crew of AC#2102936 also flew their three missions together. But I discovered that James J. Graba had flown as a pilot on 25 missions prior to this mission and this was the only mission he flew as a co-pilot.
Also, of the survivors, none of them returned to duty except for Richard A. McAteer. He returned to duty and flew 24 more missions.
I've included Graba and McAteer's mission summaries along with the mission summaries of the two crews that were all basically the same. I'm also sending files showing the total missions flown by the two aircraft.
This is my way of expressing to you my admiration for you and the efforts you have made to honor these fine men of the 390th. I hope this information will be of some use to you with your research

The site and associated artefacts found there since 1944:-

The woodland was mostly cleared a few months after the collision; (Alice Cherry confirmed that this clearance was completed by Italian POW`s…one is left wondering what these individuals might have found here) however a few mature trees still bearing evidence of the crash of 182 were left. The farmhouse where John Buckle his wife and young son so luckily escaped injury was demolished shortly after the incident as it was so structurally unstable. It was replaced shortly afterwards by a brick building which still stands today surrounded by outbuildings some of which date back to the time of the collision. In the 1970`s Den Mathews a ploughman was in a field near Weston Lodge when his plough snagged a large item, almost stalling his tractor. Upon removal it was seen to be a Browning 0.50 machine gun, one almost certainly originating from B17 936. The gun was apparently collected and later taken away by the police. In the 1970`s it was still possible to see quite large sections of 182 in the wood where she came down, such as a huge section of rubberised self sealing fuel tank, several trees also had debris sticking out from their trunks and branches. Numerous individuals have searched the wood and removed various items over the years. Recently a Lieutenants cap badge was found in two battered pieces, parts of the throttle quadrants, instruments and sections of control column from 182 have all been found in the wood. The fact that the throttle quadrants were stuck in the ground vertically, cockpit instruments were so crumpled etc we believe indicated that the remains of B17 number 182 (Ding Dong Daddy) impacted the woodland floor in an inverted position. In 2002 the wood was again cleared, this time many mature trees were not so lucky, now only three trees show scars and breakages attributable to when B17 182 smashed into them. New undergrowth is sprouting quickly hiding the blue powdery patches that show where another piece of metal is slowly oxidising in the damp soil. In 2005 the tip of one of the control column yokes of B17 182 was found, sticking out from a patch of disturbed soil at the edge of the wood. At the end of a summer’s day when there is a good sunset it is still possible to see shadows across the fields from long ago filled in bomb craters. The cottage that had its roof damaged now has a large extension hiding the repairs. The cottage where Mrs Webb and John Clements were killed still exists, and if one looks carefully repair to roof tiles and brickwork can just be made out. One of the largest reminders is in Warrens Spring wood where 182 crashed for here the single bomb that detonated has left a large crater that still exists today. It is difficult to imagine the loss of life and violence that happened in this small wood, as it is at many crash sites across Hertfordshire. Apart from the modern jets that pass overhead, these days the only real noise and disturbance in this wood emanates from the rather aggressive pair of Moorhens that nest each year on the dark earthy water filled bomb crater.

Contact from relatives of the crew members:-

The relatives of Sergeant Richard McAteer Tail Gunner on board B17 42-102936

During the compilation of my book the author received an Email from a Mr M.Huffmann who lives in the United States; his wife Janet is the daughter of Richard McAteer the Tail Gunner from B17 42-102936. Shortly before he died in 1998 Richard McAteer wrote a brief account of what had happened fifty four years before and it is a privilege to be able to quote an excerpt from that account in his own words. “I heard on the intercom Sgt Walsh call the pilot to drop aircraft as there was an aircraft coming down on top of us. I looked up from my tail position and looked right into the tail wheel-well of the aircraft coming down on us. Then there was a crash and explosion. The craft above was just far enough back that his propellers chewed into our right wing. There was an explosion, when smoke cleared I was in the waist section that had blown off. I crawled forward to the waist door and saw Conser and Hunter in the end of waist preparing to jump. I salvoed the door and went out”

The relatives of 2nd Lieutenant Robert G. Taylor the Navigator on board B17 42-97182 called “Ding Dong Daddy”

Just before this book went to press on Friday January 12th 2007 another relative from the crew of “Ding Dong Daddy” made contact with the author. This was Mark Bettinson who is the nephew of Robert Taylor the Navigator. Incredibly Mark has in his possession letters, photographs and artefacts all relating to the flying career of Robert Taylor and most of his crew colleagues. Mark forwarded some of these photographs to me and it is with much thanks and gratitude from me that he granted permission for them to be published for the first time ever. This has allowed the author for the first time in over three decades of research to finally see the faces for the names to which he has become so familiar. In his collection of artefacts and family possessions relating to “Uncle Bob” Mark has his Prayer Book showing where he read up to, letters and a document that was sent back when the crew were on tour in Russia. Incredibly he also has a dollar bill signed by many of Ding Dong Daddy’s crew members which includes the signatures of George E. Smith the Pilot, Carlton Sacco the Co-Pilot and Victor Graff the Radio Operator etc. Well Mark and I carried on communicating via Email and initially he mentioned how he would dearly like to come over to England and visit the crash site. Within weeks these words were transformed into the purchase of two air-tickets one each for himself and his father Howard. Plans were made and I started to contact the land-owner, eye-witnesses and arrange for several of my friends who share my passion for aviation archaeology and research to be available. The weeks passed until finally the month of the visit (August) came and the days sped by, soon it was the evening before, all preparations made I awaited the arrival of our guests.

The relatives of Technical Sergeant Victor G. Graff the Radio Operator on board B17 42-97182 called “Ding Dong Daddy”

Just after my book “War Torn Skies Hertfordshire” was published incredibly another relative of one of the crew members contacted me in August 2007 this was Mathew Dewis-Graff who is the Great Nephew of Technical Sergeant Victor G Graff who was the Radio Operator on board the B17 named Ding Dong Daddy. We have sent several Emails to each other and on 23rd August 2007 Matt sent me a colour photograph of his “Uncle Vic” which was a great privilege for me to receive.

The visit of Mark and Howard Bettinson (Wednesday 22nd August to Sunday 26th August 2007) Nephew and Brother-in-Law of 2/Lt Robert G. Taylor who was the Navigator on board B17 42-97182 Called “Ding Dong Daddy”

Well after almost thirty years of researching the American B17 bomber collision that took place on the 26th August 1944 over the village of Weston where I used to live, I find it incredible that relatives of these aircrew members have actually contacted me. This occurred whilst and after I was drafting the rough text for my book on Hertfordshire’s aviation history, and I am very grateful for the pictures of the aircrew etc that they sent over to me. After much planning two of the relatives of Robert G Taylor the young Navigator killed on board the B17 named “Ding Dong Daddy” will be flying over from the USA to come and see where the event occurred. They are the Nephew and Brother in Law of Robert G Taylor, called Mark and Howard Bettinson. I have arranged for them to meet two eye-witnesses who actually saw the event 63 years ago. In addition they will be visiting the exact spot where “Ding Dong Daddy” crashed. Many years of meticulous plotting of recovered artefacts has reconstructed the shape of the impacting B17 and along with wartime photographs it is possible to take them back to almost the exact spot on the woodland floor where their relative died. On their second day they will be going to Hendon Air Museum for a close-up inspection of a B17 bomber, Finally on Sunday 26th August we will be going to stand outside the wood where Ding Dong Daddy crashed at exactly 9.05 in the morning to remember Robert Taylor and indeed the other thirteen young men who were killed over Weston Park on that day so long ago. During their stay they will be shown a variety of artefacts that have been picked up from the woodland floor over the last three decades, most located with a metal detector but quite a few eyes only. These include two sections of a crumpled Lieutenants cap badge and a burned pre decimal penny (other persons have found several more of these pennies over the years). Incredibly in relation to the cap badge fragments there is a 25% possibility that these very items may even actually have been part of the one Robert G Taylor was wearing that day, as he was one of four Lieutenants on board the B17. This will be an incredibly emotional visit for these family members and every effort will be taken to ensure they and the situation is treated with the utmost of respect. Sadly one of them even asked if I had ever found Robert’s gold signet ring in the wood. I haven’t and I don’t know of it ever being found, it may even have still have been on his fingers when he was buried. Who knows if this tragic artefact lies several inches down in the cold grey clay here? If it is there at all, I know that one day the greatest chances of its recovery will be with a metal detector, imagine the feeling as one squidges the dense clay in your hand, dark and rotten adherent leaves flutter down and then a thin burnished gold signet ring with the initials “RT” is finally found………….oh well for the time being its just a dream………but who knows eh?
It was at 10.30 on the morning of Wednesday the 22nd of August that I would first get to meet our guests: the actual living relatives of Robert G Taylor!!!. Jason met and collected them from their hotel in Stevenage, brought them to my house where we shook hands and chatted fro an hour or so
We arrived at Alice Cherry’s house at about mid day, Alice is both the landowner of the woodland crash site but most importantly she actually witnessed the collision in 1944. When we arrived she had even gone to the trouble of flying an American Stars and Stripes flag from her garden, which was simply brilliant. Furthermore all of our party were offered a selection of drinks from Champagne to Sherry which really made the occasion special. Mark and Howard chatted to Alice for ages, and Mark actually had some letters written by Robert G Taylor sent home to his mother and father in the USA back in 1944. The exchange was incredible after Mark showed her Robert Taylor’s Prayer Book; Alice was showing him a 3000 year old Bronze Age Palstave axe that had been found in the area. It was an incredible event for both me having researched this collision for the best part of 30 years and also for Alice as 63 years ago she saw this event and now had family relatives from one of the crew members actually sitting beside her. The local Comet newspaper photographer arrived and took some photo’s both in Alice’s house and at the crash scene. Despite it being August there was a roaring log fire in the grate, emphasizing the awful weather being experienced by the UK at the moment, the conversation flowed as rain beat against the wooden window frames still containing their original Victorian glass. I watched as rivulets trickled down each pane, pondering that these glass panes had been set probably sixty years before the collision took place. We departed along with Alice and her two dogs and arrived at the crash site the woodland canopy was dripping with rain and the ground was very soft, however not put off we pushed through brambles and undergrowth until we came to the exact spot where Mark’s relative had sadly died all those years ago. This was just in front of the bomb hole in an area where the Lts cap badge fragments and many oxygen mask clips, flying helmet clips, dial faces, control yoke sections, poppers, instruments and the parachute fragments along with buckles, harness releases and the D Ring were found. These finds indicate clearly that this is where the forward section of Ding Dong Daddy containing Robert Taylor and other crew members impacted the ground It was very emotional and I could see the expression on Mark’s face he had travelled thousands of miles to be here, and at last he was. We sheltered afterwards next to a large Dutch Barn as the heavens really threw it down and as we stood there I looked at the ground and sticking up was an exploded 0.50 callibre shell case. It was one of the many hundreds loaded onto Ding Dong Daddy all those years before. I took some photographs of Mark and his Father Howard holding this artefact.

Thursday the 23rd August 2007

On the morning of the second day Cliff, Jason, my sons Bradley and Bertie, me and our two American guests went to The Royal Air Force Museum at Hendon. Here we were given a fantastic time, shown around the museum but best of all a detailed tour around the B17 that is displayed there. Looking over it we could see the exact position where “Uncle Bob” would have sat in his B17 sixty three years before. The whole event was organised by Lewis Shelley the bookshop manager at Hendon and we are all truly indebted to him: for both taking the time and finally presenting our guests with a superb book on the American Eighth Air force. Later we returned to the crash site on the second day, and the weather was no kinder, grey skies crammed with low level clouds once again released rain in wind blown drives across the fields. Alice Cherry and Roddy Pryor along with his wife Caroline met us on site as we sheltered against the Dutch barn. Roddy was also an eye-witness to event. Since the weather was so bad Mark and his father Howard went back to Roddy`s house to be given a full account. During this time those of us left decided to trample through the wet woodland looking for more evidence, in particular a propeller blade that was rumoured to lie in woodland some half a mile away. Although we were unsuccessful in locating it….if it exists!!! (It didn’t!!!! it later turned out to be a discarded large plough share, placed at the field’s edge) However whilst in this neighbouring wood we did discover another example of a surviving bomb hole. This was in the base of a depression and was exactly the same dimensions as the one from Ding Dong Daddy, even to being water-filled as well. Throughout the visit we used metal detectors to locate some artefacts that I had found eyes only some months before and placed along an adjacent hedge. The farmer has just created a new car park here and these bits had been moved some distance away in the resulting soil disturbance. In the vicinity used to be an old pond that for years was used as a dumping ground for dead livestock and old tree stumps etc; however this has been filled in. Despite this there is still a slight depression, and today obviously it was water filled, there sitting right in the middle was a 20cm section of buckled and twisted stainless steel 0.50 callibre bullet tracking still bearing some punched serial numbers We could not detect at the actual crash site as I did not have a licence to do so pursuant to the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986, and in addition to this the wood was brambly, too dense and wet. So we made do locating pieces that had been found before and had been moved some distance away. In this we were not successful in recovering all the pieces I remembered having placed here, but we found enough to show Mark and Howard later on. Jason as enterprising as ever took away a small piece of alloy and had it fashioned into a key-ring bearing the engraved details “Robert G Taylor “Ding Dong Daddy” this will be presented to Mark and Howard on the 63rd anniversary this coming Sunday.
Many thanks to Stan and Liz of Stanjay Sports & Trophies of Godmanchester for doing the engraving, it really was of the highest quality and very much appreciated by all concerned
Meanwhile back at home my wife Tina and her friend Clare had been preparing a superb spread of hot curries, Bolognese, cheeses, bread, pies and puddings and after we arrived back here everyone sat down and reflected upon the day’s happenings. My friend Ian Loveday came round later in the evening, Ian is distantly related to Bob and Anne Clements whose little baby boy was killed as a result of the collision.

Friday the 24th to Saturday 25th August 2007

During this period of their stay Mark and Howard went to a family wedding in Norfolk, as well as visiting Framlingham airfield in Suffolk. Framlingham is the airfield site where Robert Taylor had taken off in Ding Dong Daddy nearly 63 years before. The control tower still survives but most of the runway and hard stand sections have been broken up and the land reverted back to agriculture.

On the 24th August 2007 whilst Mark and Howard were in the United Kingdom a letter was received from Mrs Ruth Wainwright who lives in Stevenage part of this letter is as follows

“I remember the 26th August 1944, very well, although only eight and a half years old. Mum was expecting a baby in October 1944 and as it was a Saturday she said we could all have a “lay in bed” until the postman came at 9am. But that day was going to be different and the postman would not come! We could hear the B17`s were all going over and then we heard these other noises, Mum and Dad thought it was a German plane up with the others and a Spitfire after it, as we could hear tracer bullets going off when the explosion went off. Mum said “good they must have shot that Jerry down” but how wrong we were. It was the two B17`s colliding and coming down, at the time we lived at the Rising Sun Public House at Halls Green, my Father had just made a cup of tea for us, my brother David was still asleep. My Father ran down the stairs and went outside to see what was wrong as I ran out after him I asked him “what was all that coming down in the sky?” I remember seeing all the black smoke coming up from Warrens Green Woods, and all the debris coming down, also an airman without a chute and another one coming down and his chute was burning, what a terrible thing to see. The sky was full of pieces of all shapes and sizes falling and the sun shone on it and everything seemed to twinkle. I can remember a Fire Tender pulling up after a while and they asked my Father if he could tell them where to go. My Father said “I’ll just put my jacket on and come and show you the way” we did not see him for the rest of the day, at about 7.30pm he came home, but did not talk about what he had been helping with and what he saw only to say he helped comfort the Clements family and helped out at The Anchor Public House. He said” it was all too sad to talk about and a dreadful thing to have happened” and did not talk about it ever!!! I went out over the meadows with a friend and found a yellow rubber like case with a gun and bullets in it. I was told later it was a pistil for Verey lights, I wanted to keep it, but my friend must have told her father and the next I knew was a Policeman and an ARP Warden coming to my house and asking me what I had found!! After some talking I showed them the case and said “I wanted to keep it” but they said it must be handed over. I got upset about this and still said I wanted to keep it as I had found it!! I was told no way could I keep it and the family would be in trouble if we kept it, so I handed it over!! I also came upon a petrol tank in a field and a lot of the silver paper as we called it that the planes carried. For a few weeks the Bomb Disposal Unit was in the area also looking for unexploded bombs etc etc!!”

Sunday the 26th August 2007 the 63rd anniversary of the collision

I was up by 07.00hrs and awaited the arrival of everyone at our agreed time of 08.00hrs outside my house. People began to arrive from just past 08.00hrs, finally followed by Mark and Howard who had driven all the way back from Norfolk this morning. We set off in convoy and met Alice Cherry at the site as well as Mrs Ruth Wainwright (who wrote the letter above) and her two sons. She was introduced to Mark and Howard and told them what she had seen 63 years ago. The weather was absolutely perfect with blue skies and fleeting high level clouds, Mrs Wainwright said this was exactly as it had been on the 26th August 1944. Interestingly she said that the day back then started as such but by late afternoon it was drizzling. Jason had also brought along four medium sized firework rockets to mark the event. Timing had to be precise and at 09.00hrs Mark and Howard were positioned in the woodland at the exact spot where the B17`s cockpit had impacted. Out of respect they were left alone and at 09.03hrs they were told this was the exact time of the collision, in four minutes time at 09.07 they were signalled that was probably the time that Ding Dong Daddy crashed into the wood on the very same spot they were now standing on exactly 63 years before. Mrs Wainwright had brought along a bag of red rose petals and she scattered these on the site of the cockpit impact point. After this time photography was tactfully permitted as they came back through the woodland. Bradley my son had been setting up the launching tube for the rockets and we all proceeded round the side of the wood. When arrived at the northern end of the wood I read aloud the names of the two crews (both those killed and the survivors) and also the names of the two civilians who had been killed. As soon as I had completed this in an otherwise windless day a pronounced breeze sprung up from nowhere lasted about ten seconds and vanished as quickly as it came. Jason and Bradley then lit and fired off all four rockets. Each one rose high over the green woodland canopy leaving a thin white smoke trail and then terminated with a multicoloured chrysanthemum shaped airburst and a loud explosion which echoed all over the park. One of the dead rockets actually impacted back to earth about 50 feet away, sticking out of the soil!! It was now that Jason presented Mark and Howard with the polished section of aluminium found a few days before. It had now been fashioned into a key-ring with all the details engraved upon it. Words can never adequately describe pure emotions, but Mark’s look said it all. A small piece of Ding Dong Daddy would finally be heading back home again over the Atlantic ocean after some 63 years. We then returned back to the woodland and in addition to the unusual breeze that had occurred minutes before something else began to happen. For some reason this has always been a quiet area, in the thirty years I have spent here I have never heard a bird sing here ever, until now that is, For firstly one bird began to call and was followed by others, Robins, Woodpigeons, Warblers and Sparrows were now all singing until the end of the wood seemed to be crammed with birdsong,. Now I am not a religious person at all, but something happened here in this wood this morning perhaps restless angry youthful spirits so prematurely taken away have at last been laid to a peaceful rest…I don’t know, but everyone attending felt it. I know this woodland will never feel the same again, true it is a sad place and always will be when one remembers what took place here, but it will always be different now a heavy soulful pressure seems to have been lifted from the area, and perhaps, just perhaps the birds could sense this… again I just don’t know. All I know is that whatever did occur here this morning it was good and meaningful. Both Mark and Howard now have a form of closure on an event just a few months ago they knew little to nothing about, and here they were thousands of miles from home in the middle of a Hertfordshire wood. At about 12.20 we finally left the wood. Mrs Wainwright and her sons departed wishing our guests well and hoping they had found peace within themselves. We chatted briefly by the cars and then departed back to my house where picking up my sons Bertie and Gus we departed again after several minutes. Our final destination was the Rising Sun Public House where Mrs Wainwright had been born 71 years before, it is still a pub today so we sat in the garden and sampled some local brews. As my two young sons played around, I watched them as they came over to Mark and Howard and watched the reactions of all concerned, different generations different nationalities all brought together due to the supreme sacrifice made by fourteen American airmen and two civilians nearly seven decades ago, but one young 21 year old airman was most responsible today for bringing about this remarkable situation over the last few days and this was Second Lieutenant Robert G Taylor.

In the evening

Jason and his wife Mel collected Mark and Howard from their hotel and took them back to the Bassingbourn barracks area where they live. From here they were taken to Madingley Cemetery near Cambridge. After this Mark and Howard were taken into Cambridge and saw the various Colleges and other interesting features along the River Cam. Jason wanted to show them the Eagle Public House for inside here can still be seen the names of American Servicemen marked on the wall in candle smoke, lipstick, burned cork and Zippo lighter flames. A local man inside pointed to an unusual marking made in lipstick one night some Americans had lifted the landlord’s daughter up to the ceiling and drawn around her body, I bet that was one hell of a party!!!! Leaving here they went to Barrington for some drinks in the Oak Public House before returning to their hotel in Stevenage, a good time was had by all

Monday the 27th August 2007

On this day Tina and I took our boys to Ashwell Horse Show, where we had a stall promoting my new book as well as selling some coins and Roman artefacts. After about three hours I heard a call and saw Mark and Howard had come here too, I thought we had said our goodbyes the day before..but these two guys had made an extra special effort to pop over and see us literally hours before their flight departure. They had a look round for about half an hour at all the various stalls, and then it really was time to go. We said our goodbyes and I watched as they walked away and were finally lost in the crowds…………our guests had gone. Sadly Jason and Mel turned up about twenty minutes after, but of course they had said their goodbyes the night before.

The appearance of the crash site and its condition in August 2007

In August 2007 the crash site continues to be covered in new Alder sapling and bramble growth. The original woodland clearance some 7 years ago has given these a new chance of growth. As the Alder trees increase in size their canopies will once again crowd out the light and the woodland undergrowth starved of light will decrease. This will place the woodland back into a condition with which I was more familiar with some 25-30 years ago. There are still several trees that exhibit strange growth patterns most likely due to bomb blast. The modern day farmer has filled an adjacent woodland ride with clearance from the car park and yard conversion consisting of yellow clay and hardcore. This has sadly encroached on part of the crash site but not to any great extent. The bomb hole that once used to be so easy to locate is absolutely enshrined in bramble grass and young Alder saplings. The broken Pine trees that once stood by the crater have all long fallen down and now lie actually in the water filled crater itself. Looking at the 1944 photograph taken the day afterwards these very trees can easily be seen freshly shattered and splintered. The ploughed field adjacent to Warren Spring wood was searched eyes only and several fragments of the B17 were seen in the plough soil. I noticed that the tall conifer: where almost 63 years before Frank Hawkes and his friends had discovered the dead airman wrapped up in his billowing parachute canopy, was no longer standing. Alice Cherry confirmed that this “historical tree” had in fact suffered in high winds about three years ago and fallen down!!.

28th August 2007.

I returned to the area alone, and took some more photographs of bomb craters in the vicinity. The woodland still has singing birds, although not as many as Sunday. Overhead a trio of Common Buzzards made use of a thermal their plaintive calls echoing over the park, making the pigeons very nervous. I walked in front of the wood and saw a few small pieces from Ding Dong Daddy but left them in situ. The rocket could be seen still stuck firmly in the grassed edge of the field. As I walked along I could see dried footprints from the various visits we had made beforehand. Walking back across the field I found a torn shred of paper, part of the body from one of the rockets we had fired, and decided to slip this into my pocket as a keepsake.
Nearly finally if any of the above relatives wish to return again or come to England perhaps for the first time to see the crash site they will of course be shown the same welcoming hospitality that Jason and I and everyone else involved over here hope we have provided this time.

I and my colleagues will of course continue each and every year to research and investigate the site where Ding Dong Daddy crashed.

My final opinions, hopes and feelings that encompass this entire event can be simply summed up by dedicating this article to “Those who flew the skies and in them found eternal freedom”
Email Julian Evan-Hart
Copyright © 2007 by The 390th Memorial Museum Foundation